Med. Weter. 70 (10), 630-635, 2014
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| Tomczuk K., Szczepaniak K., Grzybek M., Studzińska M.,.Demkowska -Kutrzepa M., Roczeń-Karczmarz M., Kostro K., Krakowski L. |
| Gastro-intestinal parasite prevention in wild roe deer in selected hunting areas in south-eastern Poland. |
| Gastro-intestinal parasites are extremely important pathogens of humans, domestic livestock, and wild animals. Parasitological prevention in wild ruminants was conducted in forests of eastern Poland in early spring from 2009 to 2013. Fenbendazol in a single-dose (5mg/kg BW) mixed with feed was distributed through forest feeders. Fecal material was collected in the vicinity of the feeders on the day before the treatment (D–0) and 14 days after the treatment (D–14). To determine the occurrence of gastrointestinal parasites, coproscopic analysis was conducted by the flotation method and McMaster’s method. Parasite species were identified morphologically on the basis of eggs. The fecal samples contained eggs of the nematodes Trichostrongylidae, Chabertidae, Bunostomum, Nematodirus spp.; Trichuris spp.; Strongyloides spp., and an oocyst from the genus Eimeria spp.. Nematodes from the Trichostrongylidae family showed the highest prevalence and intensity (prevalence in 2010 = 74.2 % [63.7-82.7], EPG in 2009 = 2750) throughout the study. The prevalence of the other taxa varied over the study period: Nematodirus spp. 34.1%-77.4%; Trichuris spp. 1.6%-17.7%; Strongyloides spp. 0%-22.6%, and Eimeria spp.23.6%-51.6%. No statistically significant differences were shown in the occurrence of gastrointestinal parasites before (D–0) and after treatment (D–14). However, a marked reduction in the prevalence of all gastrointestinal parasites was demonstrated over the five years of the study (treatment efficacy of 66-78 % in parasite reduction). There was a significant difference in the EPG of Trichostrongylidae, Chabertidae, Bunostomum (EPG reduction of 71-83%) and Nematodirus spp. (EPG reduction of 70-75%) before and after treatment (U(8)= 1; P<0.05; U(8)= 0; P<0.05, respectively for family).Changes in the EPG of Trichuris and Strongyloides genus were not significant. In conclusion, it is worth considering parasitic prevention in wild ruminants, which may positively influence animal health, immunity status, and the quality of kill. Moreover, natural deworming in combination with chemical prevention may significantly reduce the contamination of the environmental with parasite eggs |
| Key words: wild ruminant, gastrointestinal parasites, deworming. |